Door latch structure



F- M. LAMBERT DOOR LATCH STRUCTURE Jan. 10, 1950 s She efs-Sheet 1Filed' Dec. 4, 1.946

FRI/V05 MAJ/15471 7;

Jan. 10, 1950 F. M. LAMBERT DOOR LATCH STRUCTURE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 FiledDec. 4, 1946 Patented Jan. 10, 1950 UNITED} STATES; 2;493;8s2 V DOORLATCH STRUCTURE I Heintz Manufacturing Company;- Philadelphia, Pa.,1acorporation otP onnsylvania 1 In Great Britain December'5', 1945.

4- Claims. (01. 292-42 This invention relates to door structures and;

more particularly to dogging means for such structures. The arrangementof parts to be: de-1 scribed is particularly applicable to ship-board:

use but, of course, may be applied. to. other types of" doors.

In door-dogging arrangements as disclosed. by the prior art, thedogs'and the inter-connecting linkage by which the dogs areoperated from a"single point on the' door: are: generally mounted; on-the door itself.This type: of arrangement has the disadvantage that the doggingmechanism which extends a; substantial distance. on one: or bothsides ofthe door'surfaceliesgto. some: extent, in the passagewayin; whichthe;door: is positioned and extends past the inner edge otthe door frame soas to obstructsomewhat' movement through the passageway. Another:disadvantage of the door-carried. mechanisms is. that a person. desiringto close the door from. the insiderwill' haveto reach through theopening in the doorframe to grasp the operating: handle or other:

element for pulling the: door: shut.

Another common'disadvantage of prior art:-

door dogging structures is that there is no pro vision formaintainingithe dogs in: their undogge'd v advantagesof the prior artand providing inaddiztion other advantages I have provided the structureto be described hereinbelow;

It. is. an object of. the invention toprovide a.

dogging construction for doors in which all of the. movable parts of:the dog. operating: mechanism are: mounted on" the door frame. and areoperable from a single point. The: construction provided has the furtheradvantage that when. the mechanism is in the. undogged position: all ofthe partsthereoi: are cl'earof the doorway and hence can in no wayobstruct passage therethrough.

It is" anotherobject of the invention to provide a dogging constructionwhich dogs the door ata plurality of spaced positions about the periphery of the door;and which is operable from either side of the door, v Y

2 I Still. another obj eat of the invention: is to pro vide a simplearrangement for'retaining the dogs; intheirundogged positions clear ofthe doorway aslong'as'the do'or'islopen. I

These and other objects of the invention will be apparent from thefollowing'speeification andtheaccompanying drawings; inwhich:

Figure .I is a front elevation taken fromthe outside of a door andframein a preferred embodiment of theinventiorr with the dogs in their doggedpositions; 7 1

Figure 2 is a view similar to F-igure '1 but with the dogs in theirundogged positions? Figure 3 is aview similar to" Figure 1' but takenfrom the inside of the door;

Figure 4 is aview sfmilarto Figureabut taken from the inside'ofthe-door:

Figure 5 lea detail front efevatibnal view of one of the dogs shown} inFigures 1 and 2 and showing the manner of cooperation of the dog:

In the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in the-drawings the-novel structure is shown as reduced to practice for use with shipsdoors of the water tight type; 5

In: the: drawings thereis shown a bulkhead H1 in which is mounted bywelding or other appropriate means: a door frame fl having a centraldoorway oropeningwhich-is adapted to be closed by adoor'l2'.

. Door lz'has aniouter hand grip l3-and an inner hand grip t4; and onits inner side has a p'l urality of horizontally:"extendingbracingmembers 1T5 which terminate at theirendsi at a flange H; which extemis-ashort;distancefrom the inner surface of thedborin a directionperpendicular to the plane ofthe do'or about the entire peripheryof the:door. The main-flat; portion of door 1-2 when viewed from-the: front: isslightly larger than-the opening the: doorframe a'nda gasket t1 isprovided. ab0ut'--the entire periphery of the door on its inner side forcoopei'ation with an" outwardlyextendihg portion F8 of the "door'frameso as to provide a water-tight sealwhen the door" At a plurality ofspaced po'intsfiabout the pe-- to raised portions 2|.

be urged more tightly shut, and the tighter willv be the seal about theouter edge of the door.

Each dog 22 comprises a roller 23 (Figure 6) rotatably mounted on an arm24 extending radially from a hub 25. Hub 25 is keyed to a spindle 26journalled in a suitable watertight manner within a cylinder21:.extending on both sides of the door frame H and weldedthereto. Anarm 28 of the dog operating linkage is welded to the inner end ofspindle 26 and abuts against 1 Hub 25 abuts the inner end of cylinder21'. against the outer end of cylinder 21 andis retained thereon by anut 29 which is positioned on a threaded outerend portion'all ofthespindle 26.;fsuitable means are providedforassuring,

that nut 29 doesnot become unscrewed, as for instance, the extremeendportion 38 of spindle,

26 may 'be:pr0vided with one or more diametrically disposed slots.

By rotary movementof arm 28 about the axis of; spindle 26, it willbeapparent that spindle 26 is rotated and arm 24 carrying dog roller 23will rotate therewith about the axis of spindle 26. The type of movementof which arm 24 partakes is shown in Figure and will also be apparentfrom a study of Figures 1 and 2.

From Figures -1 and ,2 it will be apparentthat eight dogs are usedwitheach door inthe pres ferred embodiment described herein. The door isrectangular in shape. with rounded corners, and four, of ,the dogs-arelocated on thedoorframe adjacent eachrounded cornea; Other dogs are,

located on the left andright sides, as viewed in Figures 1 and 2, of thedoor frame approximately one-third of the way up fromthe bottom of, the

door and approximately one-third 1of, the. way.

down ,from the-topofthe door. a

Referring now to Figures 3 and 4.it will be seen that the dogsarearranged to be operated by either of two operating handles 33 and 34located on the inside and outside of thedoor, re-,

spectively.,; Handles ;33 :and 34 are attached to the same spindle 35journalled in the door frame in a suitable water-tight mannerso thatrotation of either of thehandles 33,34 will operate the.

linkage mechanism attached to handle 33.

Handle 33 isprovided near its point of attachment to spin dle;35 with ashort arm 36 to which is pivoted at 31 a short downwardly extendinglinkbar 38. Link 38 is pivoted at its lower end to a bar 39which issubstantiallylonger. than the distance between the two centrallypositioned dogs carried by the vertically extending portions of the.doorframe. ;;The point ofpivotal attach-1 4 bar 39 at a point spaced ashort distance below the upper end of bar 39. A pivot 46 at the extremeupper end of bar 39 provides a point of attachment to the lower end of alink 47 which extends upwardly for pivotal attachment at 48 to one endof the cross arm 49 of the T-shaped arm 28a which is fixed-to thespindle 26 of the upper left hand corner dog as viewed in Figure 3. Theother end of cross arm 49 of member 28a is pivotally connected -at 50 toa horizontal linkage member 51 which extends across the upper portion ofthe door frame to the right hand side of the frame where it is, pivotedat 52 to one end of the cross arm 53 of a T-shaped member 28b whichoperates the upper right hand corner dog as viewed in Figure 3 The otherend of cross arm 53 of T-shaped member 28b is connected at 54 to theupper end of a link 55 which is similar to link 41. Link 55 is pivotedat 56 to the upper end of a central vertical link member 5'! whichoperates the arm 28 of the upper central right hand dog by pivotal:attachment at 58 to the free end of the 1astmen-.-. tioned arm' 28 atapoint near the upper end'of. link5l. A similarly positioned pivotalconnec tion 59 near the lower end of link 51 operates-the arm 28 of .thelower. central right-hand dog. Finally, the-link 51 is pivoted atitslower end at, 66. to a linkage member 61 similar, to member 43, the link6| being pivoted at its lower end at 62 to; the arm 28 which operatesthe lower right hand corner dog. a

'It will be noted that certain of the arms 28, 28a, 28b point'inwardlytoward the opening in the door frame while others'point'outwardly, the

. arrangement shown being highly efficient in ac-- complishing'the-desired results. U ,7 As shown in Figure. 4, when operating handle-33 is in the vertical position link 38 and, link'39; are parallel andare. positioned at the extreme, of their upward .movementso that theafore-; described linkage mechanism moves the dogs to the positionsshown in Figure 2 in which all of the dogs are swung clear of :the door,and permit swinging of the door on hinges 63 to an' open po-. sition.While manytypes of hinges may be used with the invention-describedherein, the hinges 63 shown in the drawings are similar to the onedescribed in'and claimedinmy co-pending application, Serial No. 614,841,filed September '7, 1945,& now Patent No. 2,482,983 dated September 27;-1949, and such hinges are particularly conven-- ient for use with thistype of door construction,

ment of the lower end of link 38 to bar 39 is'atw 40, a shortdistanceeabove the lower. end of bar 39. Operatingarm28 of-thedoglocatedimme diately below spindle 3,5,: is attached at one of its ends to itsspindle 26and at its other end is piv-x. oted to bar 39 at a point 4|located between pivot point 48 and the lower end of bar 39. .At its eX-Etreme lower end, bar 39 1s pivoted at 42 to a somewhat shorter link bar43 which is pivoted at its:

lower end 44 to the operating arm 28 of the lower left-hand dog asviewed from: the inside'of the door. .7

The arm 28 of the dog immediately'above'spim dle 35 is pivotallyattached at its free end to the It will be noted by referring to Figure4 that: when the dogs are in their undog'ged positions; the entirelinkage arrangement is positioned outside of the confines of the doorwayopening through. the door frame vll so that there is no: obstruction ofthe passageway.

When it is desired to dog the door shut, either; operating handle 33 or34islmoved fromthe vertical position ina direction toward the opposite.side of the door frame causing link 38' to. move: link 39 downwardly andthereby to move the parts: of the linkage on the handle side of;the"doorframe downwardly'and the parts on the other side: of the doorframe upwardly so as to rotate the: dogs to dogging positions asshown inFigure 1. In their dogged positions, the rollers 23 of the idogs are incontact with the surfaces of cams I 9.

and continued downward movement of operating handle 33 or 34 causesthedog rollers 23' to move; to, higher portions of; the cams l9, causingthe, door to be urged more tightly against the edge of, portion 18 ofthe frame ll.

greases 33 and 34 and the dogs 22 to thusblbckthepas sageway through.the'd'oor" frame; I have provided means for preventing such movement ofthe doggandlink mechanism as long as the door open. 'This arrangement isrepresented generally by the numeral 65" and as shown in'idetail figures-through 7 comprises a piece of sheet metal 65 welded totlre frontsurface of the door'so' as to be disposed. horizontal-Randi to extendWell beyond the edge of the door to. which the hinges 63 are. attached.Sheet" metal" member 66 is; p'o' sition'ed close to one of' the dog'smounted on the hinge carrying side of the door but a suflicient distancebelow the dog to permit the dog to swing to its undogged positionwithout the end of the roller carrying arm 24 contacting the piece 66.

Member 66 is provided with an upwardly extendin flange or wall 61 whichextends about the .edge of sheet metal member 66 from a point near theforward edge of member 66 remote from the edge of the door around therear edge of member 66 (the right edge as viewed in Figure 7) to a pointwhere flange 61 contacts the edge of the door. Flange 67 extendsupwardly a sufficient distance to extend into the arc of movement of thecooperating dog roller 23 when the door is in its open position as shownin Figure 7 and as shown in Figure 6 in dotted lines.

When the door is in its closed position the unfianged portion of member66 lies below the arc of movement of the dog so that the dog can beswung from its downwardly extending undogged position to the doggedposition as shown'in solid lines in Figure 5. The dog can also be swungback to its undogged position without any interference from member 65.

However, when the door is swung from its closed position, flange 61blocks movement of the dog to its dogged position, and due to the factthat the single dog which cooperates with member 65 cannot move to itsdogged position, the remaining dogs are also prevented from so movingbecause of their linkage connection with the particular dog whichcooperates with member 65.

' In this way it is assured that as long as door I2 is in an openposition, the operating handles 33 and 34 cannot be moved into apassage-obstructin position. As pointed out previously herein, the delaywhich would be entailed in moving the obstructing parts out of the openpassageway in case of emergency might spell the difference between lifeand death on ship-board so that the retention of the dogs in theundogged position when the door is not closed is highly important.

I wish it to be understood that I have shown and described only apreferred embodiment oi the invention in accordance with the patentstatutes and I ,fully realize that the invention is susceptible ofnumerous modifications without departing from the inventive concept. Theinvention is not to be limited to the preferred embodiment but isintended to cover all modifications of the invention falling within thescope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a door construction having a door hinged to a door frame, thecombination of a plurality of dogs mounted on said frame for movementbetween dogging positions in they retain the door. irrclosed positionand; undoggiiig p'osi tions in theydiecompletely clean of'the' doorway Iand door;.-alinkage mechanism: inter connectingall of said dog's foroperation. from a single point, and detent means cooperating wi one ofsaid dogstd retain saidd'og' and: thereby all of said dog-sin theirundogged positions; clear or saidldoori and; doorway when saidldo'or is;other than its closed position,. saidlast: named! meansincludingazmember carmied by the hinged edge of the: door: inproximitytoone: of. saididiogs and 'ha'vingiiiaz walk.- extending along.a' portion: thereof, said member? being: so constructedl that? said walllies out of the path of movement of saidiIlasti-mentionecEdogtwhen saiddoor is shut thereby permitting free movement of the dog and thereby allof the dogs to and from their dogged positions, and said wall obstructsmovement of said dog and thereby all of the dogs from their undoggedpositions when said door is in other than its closed position.

2. In a door construction in which a door is hinged for swingingmovement to a door frame, the combination of a plurality of dogs mountedin spaced positions on said doorframe for movement between dogged andundogged positions, a linkage system interconnecting said dogs to causeall of the dogs to move to and from said positions together, and aretainer member attached to and projecting beyond the hinged edge of thedoor for swinging movement therewith, said retainer comprising a fiatelement disposed in a plane substantially perpendicular to the pivotaxis of the door, and a wall attached to said flat element and extendingalong a portion thereof and out of the plane of said element,

, said wall extending partly about one of the dogs when the dog is inundogged position but out of path of movement of said do when said dooris closed permitting movement of said dog to and irom said dogged andundogged positions, said flat element and wall being moved upon openingof said door to a position in which said wall obstructs movement of saiddog and thereby all of said dogs to their dogged positions until saiddoor is again closed.

3. In a door construction in which a door is hinged to a door frame forswinging movement, the combination of at least one dog mounted on thedoor frame and pivotable between a dogged position and an undoggedposition, an operating member for moving said dog between saidpositions, linkage means operably connecting said member and said dog,and detent means carried by the door and cooperating with said dog, saiddetent means having an inoperative position in which it permits freemovement of said dog between said dogged and undog-ged positions and anoperative position in which it re tains said dog against movement fromits undogged position, said detent means bein in said inoperativeposition when said door is closed,

and being in said operative position when said door is in other than itsclosed position.

4. A device for use with a closure arrangement including frame means,closure means cooperatin with said frame means and pivotably which itoverlaps theclosuremeans to hold said means in closed position, and anon-doggingvpm isitionin which it lies clear. ofthe closure means;

comprising a member mountable ion the closure means in proximity to saiddog, said member having a, wall extending alongraportion thereof, saidmember being mountable so that said wail liesout of the path of movementof said'dog. when saidr closuremeans is in closed position and lies inthe path of movement .of the dog when the elosuremeans is in otherthanits' closed position, thereby preventing movement of the dog fromits non-dogging position except whenthe closure is in closed position. V

FRAficIs M. LAMBERT. v

REFEEENQES CITED The following references are, 013 record in the file 0fpatenlt zy Great Britain July 23, 1966

